SPECTROSCOPY

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PMC链接：http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0887-6703%5BISSN%5D

光谱学/sp?k?tr?sk?pi /是对物质与电磁辐射之间相互作用的研究。从历史上看，光谱学是通过棱镜研究可见光的波长分布而产生的。后来，这个概念得到了很大的扩展，包括与辐射能量的任何相互作用，作为其波长或频率的函数，主要是在电磁频谱中，虽然物质波和声波也可以被认为是辐射能量的形式；近年来，在LIGO和激光干涉测量的背景下，连引力波都很难与光谱特征联系起来。光谱数据通常用发射光谱来表示，发射光谱是感兴趣的响应随波长或频率变化的曲线。光谱学，主要是在电磁光谱中，是物理学、化学和天文学领域的基本探索工具，允许在原子尺度、分子尺度、宏观尺度和天文距离上研究物质的组成、物理结构和电子结构。生物医学光谱学在组织分析和医学成像领域的重要应用。

Spectroscopy /sp?k?tr?sk?pi/ is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, by a prism. Later the concept was expanded greatly to include any interaction with radiative energy as a function of its wavelength or frequency, predominantly in the electromagnetic spectrum, though matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy; recently, with tremendous difficulty, even gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of LIGO and laser interferometry. Spectroscopic data are often represented by an emission spectrum, a plot of the response of interest as a function of wavelength or frequency.Spectroscopy, primarily in the electromagnetic spectrum, is a fundamental exploratory tool in the fields of physics, chemistry, and astronomy, allowing the composition, physical structure and electronic structure of matter to be investigated at atomic scale, molecular scale, macro scale, and over astronomical distances. Important applications arise from biomedical spectroscopy in the areas of tissue analysis and medical imaging.